🇺🇦BerkeleyLUG

Let me first start off by saying that someone is likely going to be very angry at me for omitting program x, y, z or Miro. Please express that anger in the comments below. The three media centers I list are my favorites. All of them integrate easily with MythTV by adding a simple menu item, and each work greats with remotes and looks good on your TV. MythTV itself might qualify in this category. However, I find Myth makes a good OS (mythbuntu) and PVR (with a great web interface), but I think it is fairly awful at organizing your media and playing web vids. So, I leave it out of the media center category. I personally run a Mythbuntu system with the following three media centers installed on top of MythTV to organize my local media and watch web content.

XBMC

This media center was designed for the original XBox hardware. However, it has since been ported to Linux, Apple and Windows (and other game systems). It has an extremely beautiful interface.  XBMC indexes the music and videos on your hard drive or networked drives and plays them back with a lot of elegance. It is easy to configure your remote control and video playback utilizes VDPAU on nvidia cards. So, you get amazing performance during playback (HD video uses less than 10% of your CPU). Beyond playing back your media, XBMC has a ton of plugins (http://www.xbmczone.com/) that let you play online content like streaming video (ex. CBS), podcasts (ex. The Onion, Game Trailers), grab subtitles for movies etc… It has a MythTV frontend plugin which is great if you have a MythTV backend somewhere on your network like me – it is pretty new, though, and I find it a little clunky compared to a real MythTV frontend. The one killer plugin that is missing is a Hulu plugin, though. This is the main reason I spend more time in Boxee.

Benefits:

• Open Source
• Beautiful Interface (Though more complex than Boxee)
• Great Plugins
• Very Customizable
• MythTV Frontend
• DVD/CD Playback

Downsides:

• No Hulu Plugin
• Less Intuitive than Boxee

Boxee

Boxee is media center that was broken off of XBMC. Basically it is XBMC plus a cleaned up interface, a social network and a few more key plugins. While much of Boxee is open source – these additions are closed source, which prevents XBMC from taking advantage of the Boxee developers work. This is pretty lame of the Boxee team, but they are trying to turn Boxee into a business; so, there you have it. The social network aspect of Boxee lets your friends see what you are watching/listening to and lets you recommend shows or songs to your followers. The main reason to use Boxee over XBMC is the Hulu app based on Mozilla (and a few other apps that are missing in XBMC). It is also generally a bit simpler to use. When I installed it on Ubuntu, my MCE remote immediately worked. Its media indexing system is not very good, however. Your files have to be named in a particular way because it does not read metadata, and even after this, it still fails to index a lot of my music. Apparently metadata indexing is coming in a future release – which should fix the problem. I also don’t like having to login to my username on each launch and there is no VDPAU playback yet.  Overall, though, I spend more time in Boxee than either of the other two examples because it is clean and the plugins are awesome.

Benefits:

• Based on XBMC code – (So improvements there should eventually come to Boxee)
• Beautiful Easy Interface
• Great Plugins Capability
• Hulu Plugin in Particular
• DVD/CD Playback

Downsides:

• Not Very Customizable
• No MythFrontend
• Indexing Sucks
• Closed Source Chunks
• No VDPAU (Yet)

Moovida

Moovida is an open-source media center from Fluendo the makers of the legal Linux gstreamer codecs. The interface is once again extremely beautiful and it works great with remotes once you get it working. However, I initially had trouble setting my MCE remote up.  The indexing system on Moovida is the best of the three media centers on this list. So, if you just want to play back local media, this is probably your best choice. While there is a plugin system, only a few plugins have been written so far. And, there is currently no Mozilla or Hulu integration. I really haven’t used Moovida as much as XBMC or Boxee, but I am going to keep a close on eye on its development over the next little while to see if it gets more impressive addons.

Benefits:

• OpenSource
• Supported by a great company
• Beautiful Interface
• Best Media Indexer

Downsides:

• DVD Player Not Packaged By Default (Thanks Sed for pointing out  they have one)
• Not Very Many Plugins Yet
• No Hulu Plugin in Particular

And there you have it.  Try them out and set up a great media center.

“NILFS2 (New Implementation of a Log-Structured File System Version 2) is a very promising new log-structured file system that has continuous snapshots and versioning of the entire file system. This means that you can recover files that were deleted or unintentionally modified as well as perform backups at any time from a snapshot without a performance penalty normally associated with creating snapshots. In addition, there is evidence that NILFS has extremely good performance on SSD drives.”

Source: http://www.linux-mag.com/cache/7345/1.html

Bryan Lunduke of JupiterBroadcasting recently gave a talk where he laid down some tough love onto desktop Linux’s backside. One part in particular, really caught my attention. He claimed that Linux lacks some key programs (like video/audio editing tools) because such programs require a full time commitment from a small group of developers. A true full time commitment clearly requires monetary compensation: enough money coming in to support yourself, a family and at least one ridiculously big TV. While I can think of many counter examples, lots of key applications for Linux are indeed already supported by full time developers at corporations like Red Hat, IBM, Sun, Novell, Canonical. But, despite the contributions from such companies, other important applications for the Linux desktop are lacking because developers can’t find a means to support themselves on those projects. It seems clear, that we as desktop Linux users need to step up to support our developers.

Why should we donate to software that is freely given away? There is a difference between between free as in open-source and free as in money. Linux and open-source software (OSS) is (and should be) about the former and not necessarily the latter. If we all take the money we have saved by not buying Windows, Office, Photoshop etc and donate just 10% of that sum to the open-source projects we care about most, we would be able fully fund a lot of great open-source developers.

Why haven’t I already given these projects money, if I feel this way? It’s true; I have never in my life paid for OSS (until recently), but I have paid for a lot of closed source software on Linux: VMWare, Mathematica, World of Goo. The main reason that I have given money to these closed projects and not to OSS, is that they make it easy to take your money. I.e, I don’t really even know how to give OSS money. What is needed is a clear way to give and organize contributions to developers of OSS projects. That is what I am proposing below.

But first an example: a couple weeks ago, I suggested to Chris at Jupiter Broadcasting that he add a donation button to the JB page. I now give a few bucks a month to JB, and in total, after just a few weeks, they currently receive over $200 a month. And, damn, they are just a podcast! I would give much more than that to X.org, MythTV, Canonical, Compiz etc… and I think many others would, too.

I propose we develop the following: a single central website devoted to funding OSS. I imagine it as place where developers can register their projects and a means to contribute (something like a paypal button), and users will come and donate to their favorite of those projects. It would awesome to integrate a sort of social networking site where you could get karma for contributing and projects could be ranked on popularity etc. This also creates a direct feedback between users and developers. If you don’t like the way development is going, you can stop contributing. If a new project pops up that you love, you can move your money to that project. If it were this easy and fun, I think we would see a lot of contributions from the Linux/OSS community.

So, I purchased the domain HelpOSS.com (mainly because I think the phrase ‘Help OSS Help You’ is witty). However, I have to admit that I don’t really know how to make a social networking site – my webpage/hosting experience is mainly in html and canned programs like WordPress or Joomla. Currently the site just has a bunch of links to projects I know of who take donations… So, I am hoping I can recruit some people here to help make this a reality. Who is with me??

Graphics from Tux Factory. Artist Symbiote.

The hardest part of using Linux is often installing it.  Over the last couple of years, Linux has come a long way in terms of hardware support, and these days it is relatively rare that an installation of ubuntu/fedora will be lacking any drivers for your machine. However, installing any OS can still sometimes be a tedious task and one that scares the wits out of the average computer user. And, for the expert users out there, it’s just more fun to buy a computer with Linux already on it and not have to pay the Microsoft tax – even, if you are going to put your favorite distro on it anyway.  You can find Linux servers sold all sort of places, but where can you find Linux desktops for sale? Here is a list of places I have had good experiences with or have had heard good things about directly:

Dell http://www.dell.com/ubuntu

I bought a laptop (1420) from dell with ubuntu preinstalled.  It showed up and all of the hardware immediately worked flawlessly: webcam, wifi, suspend/resume, audio, compiz etc…  The good thing about buying a dellbuntu, as opposed to a computer from Best Buy, is you can be absolutely sure that everything will be supported.  Beyond piece of mind, buying an ubuntu machine from Dell sends a message to the big manufactures that there is a demand for Linux and Linux support on their computers.

ZaReason http://www.zareason.com

ZaReason is a local Berkeley company that sells preinstalled Ubuntu desktops and laptops all over the world.  They also sell Ubuntu swag such as case badges to replace any “powered by windows” stickers on your old computers (of which I have bought to give away at our meetings).  The prices start low and the computers are available with many customizations.  Whenever you buy a machine from ZaReason, they include a screwdriver in your package, letting you know that you are free to tinker with your computer.  If you want a preinstalled Ubuntu computer with great Linux support and would rather promote a small Linux only dealer than a big corporation like Dell, consider ZaReason.  I intend to buy my next computer from them.

System76 http://www.system76.com

Like ZaReason, System76, sells preinstalled Ubuntu Laptops / Desktops (and now they have their very own netbook).  They were one of the first companies to sell their own Linux systems and have a large user and support community (including their own forum at ubuntuforums).  Hardware support is flawless and they have a wide array of machines designed for everyday users, to business laptops to servers.  I have never had experience with a System76 machine, but have heard nothing but good things.

EmperorLinux http://www.emperorlinux.com

Unlike System76 and ZaReason, EmperorLinux does not create their own computers.  They get high-end computers from Dell/Lenovo (including several tablet options) and install Linux on them for you.  These are great for power users who want a high end (or business) machine with Linux on it.   But, it does not have the advantage of being a true Linux computer from start to finish.

LinuxCertified http://www.linuxcertified.com/linux_laptops.html

Linux certified also sells some preinstalled Linux laptops/desktops. I know very little about these machines, but they are worth looking into before you decide on a purchase.

Netbooks

Since the EeePC, a lot of netbooks have flooded the market, most with a Linux option.  I own and love the EeePC 901.  It originally came with a somewhat lame Linux distro based on Xandros.  However, I have installed Ubuntu Netbook Remix on it, and it is a great little Linux laptop.  Here are EeePC Linux options available at Amazon.Com:

http://www.amazon.com/s/qid=1243048858/ref=sr_nr_i_1?ie=UTF8&rs=&keywords=Linux%20EeePC&rh=i%3Aaps%2Ck%3ALinux%20EeePC%2Ci%3Aelectronics

HP SUSE Probook

Finally, it looks like HP  is getting back into the game…

http://blogs.zdnet.com/gadgetreviews/?p=3732

Additions from the Comments:

Puget Systems http://www.pugetsystems.com/ – Looks like they sell both Linux and Windows custom PCs.

Pioneer Computers (Australia) http://www.pioneercomputers.com.au/ – Live in Australia?  Try this.

Los Alamos Linux http://laclinux.com/en/Start – One of the oldest Linux sellers.  Looks like they are similar to EmperorLinux in that they mod Lenovo’s for example.

Affordy http://www.affordy.com – Looks like another company similar to System76 and ZaReason.  Nice to have options – good review below in comments.

eRacks http://www.eracks.com

linPC http://linpc.us

IndaMixx http://www.indamixx.com Recommended in email.  Looks like a nice portable multimedia system.

EightVirtues http://www.eightvirtues.com

Diverse Technologies http://www.dt.com.au/linux.php

PsyStar http://www.psystar.com/linux

Also, as one of the commenters kindly pointed out, Linux.org has a list of some vendors (though, since they are missing most of my original suggestions, it is certainly no master list):  http://www.linux.org/vendor/system/index.html

Firewalls are a critical component of keeping your machine safe on the Internet.

This tutorial will show you how to create firewall rules from the command line.

Details of the script actions are commented in the script.

Continue reading “Simple firewall script tutorial for the command line.”

I thought I would quickly post a link to a great article on phoronix about Moblin V2 beta.  I will definitely be trying this out on my Eee this weekend.

http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=moblin_v2_ui&num=1

Edit: Here is an awesome video I found at engadget as well: http://www.engadget.com/2009/05/20/moblin-2-0-beta-impressively-demoed-on-video

Believe it or not, sometimes the display will die on your Linux operating system. You probably have no control over this…..Time to move on and fix the issue without spending hours on Google searching for a half-baked how-to.

If you are in the process of implementing this article on a broken system, chances are that you see a black screen with text. Please follow these steps so that you can get the pretty colors back!

Step 1: Login.

Step 2: Ensure the graphical daemons are not running.

service gdm stop

service kdm stop

Step 3: Run this command:   X -configure

(This will create the following file in your directory: xorg.conf.new)

Step 4: Copy the configuration file to the right place.

mv xorg.conf.new /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Step 5: Restart the display.

service gdm start (for GNOME users.)

or

service kdm start (for KDE users)

or

startx (for everyone else, the elite)

Step 6: If you are still having problems……

Repeat Steps 1 – 4.

We will change the driver to vesa. Vesa is a generic display driver that will work on any video card. I usually use this driver on all my machines because it is stable and never fails.

Use your favorite text editor and open /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Look for a line that says  something like the following :

Driver      “nv”

Driver      “ati”

Driver      “nvidia”

Driver      “intel”
Change the name from what is in quotes to “vesa”.

Example of how it should be after the change:  Driver      “vea”

Save and exit the file and follow step 5.

I have a webserver with a 4GB CF card in a very very small computer. I was trying to come up with ways to reduce writes on this device and I remembered UnionFS. UnionFS can take 1 folder and make it read-only and have all the changes written to another folder. To the user, everything will look the same. This is very good when adding a disk to a computer and your not using LVM.

What I want to do? I want  /tmp,  /var/log, /var/home, and /root to have the changes written to my USB device that is mounted as  /mnt. These directories receive a lot of writes to them.

I copied the following commands to /etc/rc.local so that they are executed when the machine boots:

—————–

mount -t unionfs -o dirs=/mnt/logs=rw:/var/log=ro unionfs /var/log
mount -t unionfs -o dirs=/mnt/filesystem/root=rw:/root=ro unionfs /root
mount -t unionfs -o dirs=/mnt/filesystem/home=rw:/home=ro unionfs /home
mount -t unionfs -o dirs=/mnt/filesystem/tmp=rw:/tmp=ro unionfs /tmp

—————–

Lets make sure everything worked by doing `df -h`:

—————–

/dev/sda1             3.8G  1.6G  2.1G  44% /

unionfs               7.5G  3.3G  3.8G  47% /var/log
unionfs               7.5G  3.3G  3.8G  47% /root
unionfs               7.5G  3.3G  3.8G  47% /home
unionfs               7.5G  3.3G  3.8G  47% /tmp
-----------------
If you want this to be mounted at boot time without
using /etc/rc.local, simply add the following to /etc/fstab:
-----------------
unionfs /tmp unionfs dirs=/mnt/filesystem/tmp=rw:/tmp=ro 0 0
unionfs /home unionfs dirs=/mnt/filesystem/home=rw:/tmp=ro 0 0
unionfs /var/log unionfs dirs=/mnt/logs=rw:/var/log=ro 0 0
unionfs /root unionfs dirs=/mnt/filesystem/root=rw:/tmp=ro 0 0
-----------------
Now all the changes will be written to my USB device and my main CF
cards will not be written to a lot.